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Housing & public space

Anti-homelessness bill tracker

State-by-state breakdown of bills that criminalize or coerce people experiencing homelessness, kept separate from protective housing and shelter bills. 2025–2026 sessions (LegiScan year=2). Click a state on the map or in the list below.

32
Punitive / coercive
42
Needs review
9
Protective / housing

60-second briefing

Punitive counts never include protective bills. Diversion is a review flag, not an opposition label.

  • 32 bills classified as punitive or coercive, kept separate from 9 protective/housing bills.
  • 42 bills flagged for review (diversion, sanctioned camping, or commitment without a clear homelessness nexus).
  • 4 punitive bills show Passed/Enacted status this snapshot.
  • Highest punitive counts: HI (6), MD (4), WV (4).
  • Always read the official text. Protective-sounding “offer of shelter” language can still precede citation or arrest.

Jump to a state

Each state has its own page. Punitive and protective bills stay on separate filters.

Showing 32 bills in the punitive view.

IN

IN SB0285

Housing matters.

PunitivePassed

Housing matters. Requires the Indiana housing and community development authority (authority) to establish eligibility criteria for a potential recipient to be included in the authority's application for funding under the federal continuum of care program (program). Requires a recipient of program funding to submit an annual report to the authority. Defines "gravely disabled" for purposes of involuntary commitment…

Encampments & public campingCriminal / civil enforcementInvoluntary mental-health interventionExpanded commitment standards

Key points

  • Official title: Housing matters.
  • Current status: Passed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
House

Yea 53 / Nay 44 — Passed

Senate

Yea 28 / Nay 22 — Passed

IL

IL HB3291

CHILD PANHANDLING WITH ADULTS

PunitiveIntroduced

Amends the Juvenile Court Act of 1987. Provides that an abused minor includes a minor whose parent or immediate family member, or any person responsible for the minor's welfare, or any person who is in the same family or household as the minor, or any individual residing in the same home as the minor, or a paramour of the minor's parent who allows, encourages, or requires a minor to engage in panhandling with a pe…

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: CHILD PANHANDLING WITH ADULTS
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
MD

MD HB104

Unhoused Individuals - Rights and Affirmative Defense

PunitiveIntroduced

Providing that all unhoused individuals have certain rights; establishing an affirmative defense of necessity to certain criminal charges relating to trespass or disturbing the peace; and repealing the authority of a municipality to prohibit vagrancy.

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Addresses trespass or disturbing the peace; and repealing the authority of a municipality to prohibit vagrancy.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
MD

MD SB49

Unhoused Individuals - Rights and Affirmative Defense

PunitiveIntroduced

Providing that all unhoused individuals have certain rights; stating it is the intent of the General Assembly that the Courts liberally construe the Act to maximize the protections afforded by it to unhoused individuals in the State; establishing an affirmative defense of necessity to certain criminal charges relating to trespass or disturbing the peace; and repealing the authority of a municipality to prohibit va…

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Addresses trespass or disturbing the peace; and repealing the authority of a municipality to prohibit vagrancy.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
NY

NY A05452

Prohibits imposing imprisonment or other penalties or fines for sleeping or camping…

PunitiveIntroduced

Prohibits imposing imprisonment or other penalties or fines for sleeping or camping in public spaces; prohibits involuntary admission to a hospital for observation, care and treatment or deeming a person as posing a substantial risk of physical harm to themself for failing to provide their own essential needs solely due to the fact that such person is sleeping in or upon publicly-owned property which is open to th…

Encampments & public campingInvoluntary mental-health intervention

Key points

  • Official title: Prohibits imposing imprisonment or other penalties or fines for sleeping or camping in public spaces; prohibits involuntary admission to a hospital for observation, care and treatment or deeming a person as posing a substantial risk of physical harm to themself for failing to provide their own essential needs solely due to the fact that such person is sleeping in or upon publicly-owned property which is open to the public at such time.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
WV

WV HB5206

To make certain acts of panhandling and solicitation unlawful

PunitiveIntroduced

The purpose of this bill is to make certain acts of panhandling and solicitation unlawful. The bill exempts fire departments, school organizations, and 501(c)(3) organizations. The bill provides misdemeanor penalties.

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: To make certain acts of panhandling and solicitation unlawful
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
IN

IN HB1431

Street camping.

PunitiveIntroduced

Street camping. Prohibits an individual from camping, sleeping, or using for long term shelter land owned by the state or a political subdivision, unless the land has been authorized for that use by law. Provides, if certain elements are met, that a person who knowingly or intentionally uses land owned by the state or a political subdivision for unauthorized camping, sleeping, or long term shelter commits a Class …

Encampments & public campingCriminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Street camping.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
WV

WV SB175

Prohibiting camping in public areas without consent

PunitiveIntroduced

The purpose of this bill is to create the misdemeanor offense of camping in public spaces without consent, establishes penalties upon conviction thereof, provides for warning citation for first offense; provides exceptions and addresses existing state or local ordinances, or rules.

Encampments & public campingCriminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Prohibiting camping in public areas without consent
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
HI

HI HB482

Relating To Illegal Camping.

PunitiveIntroduced

Clarifies petty misdemeanor penalties for the offense of criminal trespass onto public parks and recreational grounds. Provides for seizure of abandoned or unattended personal property. Requires the Department of Human Services to establish a homeless outreach and case management program. Requires the Department of Land and Natural Resources to identify and restore vacated homeless encampment areas in the State an…

Encampments & public campingSweeps & property seizureCriminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Relating To Illegal Camping.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
HI

HI HB2354

Relating To Illegal Camping.

PunitiveIntroduced

Clarifies petty misdemeanor penalties for the offense of criminal trespass onto public parks and recreational grounds. Provides for seizure of abandoned or unattended personal property. Requires the Department of Human Services to establish a homeless outreach and case management program. Requires the Department of Land and Natural Resources to identify and restore vacated homeless encampment areas in the State an…

Encampments & public campingSweeps & property seizureCriminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Relating To Illegal Camping.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
IL

IL HB5222

HOTEL PROCEDURE-EVICTION

PunitiveIntroduced

Adds a Failure to Pay for Lodging Part to the Eviction Article of the Code of Civil Procedure. Provides that an occupant who fails to pay the full amount of lodging charges for the rental, usage, or occupation of a room or unit in a hotel when due and who remains on the hotel premises without the consent of the operator is a trespasser and not a tenant. Allows the operator of the hotel to remove the occupant after…

Sweeps & property seizureCriminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: HOTEL PROCEDURE-EVICTION
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
House

Yea 20 / Nay 0 — Passed

WV

WV HB5319

Camping ban on certain public property.

PunitiveEngrossed

The purpose of this bill is to establish misdemeanor crimes for camping in or storing personal property, including camp facilities and camp paraphernalia upon governmental or public property. It also provides definitions and criminal penalties, with exceptions.

Encampments & public campingCriminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Camping ban on certain public property.
  • Current status: Engrossed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
House

Yea 62 / Nay 32 — Passed

SC

SC S1102

Designated camp sites for the homeless population

PunitiveIntroduced

Amend The South Carolina Code Of Laws By Adding Section 27-48-10 So As To Provide Defintions For The Chapter; By Adding Section 27-48-20 So As To Provide That A County, Municipality, Or Other Political Subdivision May Designate Property To Be Used For No Longer Than One Year For The Purposes Of Public Camping Or Sleeping For People Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness; By Adding Section 27-48-30 So As To Provide …

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Designated camp sites for the homeless population
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
ID

ID H0603

Amends existing law to revise provisions regarding camping and to revise a…

PunitivePassed

CAPITOL MALL -- Amends existing law to revise provisions regarding camping and to revise a provision regarding disposition of property.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Amends existing law to revise provisions regarding camping and to revise a provision regarding disposition of property.
  • Current status: Passed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
House

Yea 66 / Nay 2 — Passed

Senate

Yea 28 / Nay 6 — Passed

VA

VA HB1394

Loitering; unhoused persons.

PunitiveIntroduced

Loitering; unhoused persons. Prohibits any locality from discriminating against any person on the basis of actual or perceived unhoused status by imposing a civil or criminal penalty against any unhoused person, defined in the bill, of any age for engaging in life-sustaining activities in or upon any public place, including in a legally parked car in a public place, provided that such activities do not obstruct th…

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Loitering; unhoused persons.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
HI

HI HB877

Relating To Encampments.

PunitiveIntroduced

Prohibits the erection, placement, construction, or maintenance of an encampment within one hundred feet from the property line of a pre-K-12 public or private school or school facility on public or private property. Effective 7/1/3000. (HD1)

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Relating To Encampments.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
NH

NH HB1091

Relative to unauthorized camping on private property.

PunitiveEngrossed

Relative to unauthorized camping on private property.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Relative to unauthorized camping on private property.
  • Current status: Engrossed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
NH

NH SB521

Relative to unauthorized camping on private property.

PunitiveEngrossed

Relative to unauthorized camping on private property.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Relative to unauthorized camping on private property.
  • Current status: Engrossed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
HI

HI SB3242

Relating To Encampments.

PunitiveIntroduced

Prohibits the erection, placement, construction, or maintenance of an encampment within one hundred feet from the property line of a pre-K-12 public or private school or school facility on public or private property.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Relating To Encampments.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
HI

HI SB3287

Relating To Encampments.

PunitiveIntroduced

Prohibits the erection, placement, construction, or maintenance of an encampment within one hundred feet from a state highway right-of-way.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Relating To Encampments.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
RI

RI H8000

Provides certain procedures that must be followed before an encampment can be…

PunitiveEngrossed

PROPERTY -- HOMELESS BILL OF RIGHTS - Provides certain procedures that must be followed before an encampment can be removed or relocated.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Provides certain procedures that must be followed before an encampment can be removed or relocated.
  • Current status: Engrossed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
House

Yea 8 / Nay 1 — Passed

RI

RI S3298

Provides certain procedures that must be followed before an encampment can be…

PunitiveIntroduced

PROPERTY -- HOMELESS BILL OF RIGHTS - Provides certain procedures that must be followed before an encampment can be removed or relocated.

Encampments & public camping

Key points

  • Official title: Provides certain procedures that must be followed before an encampment can be removed or relocated.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
Senate

Yea 6 / Nay 0 — Passed

HI

HI HB261

Relating To Public Order.

PunitiveIntroduced

Establishes the offense of loitering on public property and adds trespassing on public property to the offense of criminal trespass in the first degree. Establishes the homeless case management program and special fund, administered by the judiciary for the benefit of persons experiencing homelessness.

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Relating To Public Order.
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
NY

NY A03007

Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state…

PunitiveIntroduced

Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state health and mental hygiene budget for the 2025-2026 state fiscal year; requires the commissioner of health to provide a quarterly report on known and expected department of health state funds Medicaid expenditures through state fiscal year 2026-2027 (Part A); extends the effectiveness of various provisions relating to social services a…

Involuntary mental-health intervention

Sponsors

Key points

  • Addresses social services and healthcare including medical reimbursement and welfare reform (Part B); relates to supplemental hospital payments (Part D); shifts long-term nursing home stays from managed care to fee for service; authorizes penalties for managed care plans that do not meet contractual obligations (Part E); requires a health plan to pay the MCO provider tax for each calendar year; requires every health plan subject to the approved MCO provider tax to submit reports; imposes penalties for failure to submit such timely payments; grants the commissioner of health audit powers; relates to the healthcare stability fund; relates to Medicaid payment increases for certain medical services; makes certain Medicaid payment increases contingent upon the availability of funds within the healthcare stability fund (Part F); relates to insurance coverage for medical malpractice paid for by funds from the hospital excess liability pool; extends portions of the New York Health Care Reform Act of 1996 (Part G); eliminates the fees paid by funeral directors for permits for burials and removals which are used to support the electronic death registration system; repeals certain provisions of such law relating thereto (Part I); relates to extending the time for awards to be granted to applications for the statewide health care facility transformation III program (Part J); requires general hospitals to report community benefit spending by July 1 of each calendar year (Part M); requires hospitals to provide stabilizing care to pregnant individuals; defines terms; repeals provisions relating to required protocols for fetal demise (Part P); relates to improving access to and increasing coverage for infertility treatments (Part Q); requires hospitals to have sexual assault forensic examiners (Part T); extends the provisions relating to preferred sources for entities that provide employment to certain persons (Part Z); extends certain provisions relating to clarifying the authority of the commissioners in the department of mental hygiene to design and implement time-limited demonstration programs to 03/31/2028 (Part AA); extends the effectiveness of certain provisions relating to the appointment of temporary operators for the continued operation of programs and the provision of services for persons with serious mental illness and/or developmental disabilities and/or chemical dependence (Part BB); extends certain provisions relating to services for individuals with developmental disabilities (Part CC); amends the definition of minor to exclude certain homeless youth for purposes of allowing such homeless youth to consent to certain medical, dental, health and hospital services, including behavioral health services (Part DD); relates to involuntary admission and assisted outpatient treatment; establishes the behavioral health crisis technical assistance center; relates to required training and maintaining of records relating to persons dealing with mental health and substance use crises (Part EE); provides that director of the budget, the commissioners of the office of mental health, office for people with developmental disabilities, office of addiction services and supports, office of temporary and disability assistance, office of children and family services, and the state office for the aging shall establish a state fiscal year 2025-2026 targeted inflationary increase, effective April 1, 2025, for projecting for the effects of inflation upon rates of payments, contracts, or any other form of reimbursement for the programs and services (Part FF); relates to the composition and work of mental health incident review panels (Part GG); provides that school-based health centers shall not be provided to medical assistance recipients through managed care programs until at least April 1, 2026 (Part HH); requires any New York subdivision that directly received funds pursuant to a statewide opioid settlement agreement to publicly post on their website information regarding how such funding was utilized and submit such information to the office of addiction services and supports (Part II); relates to clarifying which entities handle the reporting of pregnancy loss; and the responsibilities of health care providers and penalties for not protecting the identities of individuals who suffered a pregnancy loss (Part JJ); extends the authorization for certain fees and charges related to emergency medical services (Part KK); relates to the modernization and revitalization of the Nassau health care corporation (Part LL); extends certain provisions relating to the NYS medical indemnity fund (Part MM).
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
NY

NY S03007

Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state…

PunitivePassed

Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state health and mental hygiene budget for the 2025-2026 state fiscal year; requires the commissioner of health to provide a quarterly report on known and expected department of health state funds Medicaid expenditures through state fiscal year 2026-2027 (Part A); extends the effectiveness of various provisions relating to social services a…

Involuntary mental-health intervention

Sponsors

Key points

  • Addresses social services and healthcare including medical reimbursement and welfare reform (Part B); relates to supplemental hospital payments (Part D); shifts long-term nursing home stays from managed care to fee for service; authorizes penalties for managed care plans that do not meet contractual obligations (Part E); requires a health plan to pay the MCO provider tax for each calendar year; requires every health plan subject to the approved MCO provider tax to submit reports; imposes penalties for failure to submit such timely payments; grants the commissioner of health audit powers; relates to the healthcare stability fund; relates to Medicaid payment increases for certain medical services; makes certain Medicaid payment increases contingent upon the availability of funds within the healthcare stability fund (Part F); relates to insurance coverage for medical malpractice paid for by funds from the hospital excess liability pool; extends portions of the New York Health Care Reform Act of 1996 (Part G); eliminates the fees paid by funeral directors for permits for burials and removals which are used to support the electronic death registration system; repeals certain provisions of such law relating thereto (Part I); relates to extending the time for awards to be granted to applications for the statewide health care facility transformation III program (Part J); requires general hospitals to report community benefit spending by July 1 of each calendar year (Part M); requires hospitals to provide stabilizing care to pregnant individuals; defines terms; repeals provisions relating to required protocols for fetal demise (Part P); relates to improving access to and increasing coverage for infertility treatments (Part Q); requires hospitals to have sexual assault forensic examiners (Part T); extends the provisions relating to preferred sources for entities that provide employment to certain persons (Part Z); extends certain provisions relating to clarifying the authority of the commissioners in the department of mental hygiene to design and implement time-limited demonstration programs to 03/31/2028 (Part AA); extends the effectiveness of certain provisions relating to the appointment of temporary operators for the continued operation of programs and the provision of services for persons with serious mental illness and/or developmental disabilities and/or chemical dependence (Part BB); extends certain provisions relating to services for individuals with developmental disabilities (Part CC); amends the definition of minor to exclude certain homeless youth for purposes of allowing such homeless youth to consent to certain medical, dental, health and hospital services, including behavioral health services (Part DD); relates to involuntary admission and assisted outpatient treatment; establishes the behavioral health crisis technical assistance center; relates to required training and maintaining of records relating to persons dealing with mental health and substance use crises (Part EE); provides that director of the budget, the commissioners of the office of mental health, office for people with developmental disabilities, office of addiction services and supports, office of temporary and disability assistance, office of children and family services, and the state office for the aging shall establish a state fiscal year 2025-2026 targeted inflationary increase, effective April 1, 2025, for projecting for the effects of inflation upon rates of payments, contracts, or any other form of reimbursement for the programs and services (Part FF); relates to the composition and work of mental health incident review panels (Part GG); provides that school-based health centers shall not be provided to medical assistance recipients through managed care programs until at least April 1, 2026 (Part HH); requires any New York subdivision that directly received funds pursuant to a statewide opioid settlement agreement to publicly post on their website information regarding how such funding was utilized and submit such information to the office of addiction services and supports (Part II); relates to clarifying which entities handle the reporting of pregnancy loss; and the responsibilities of health care providers and penalties for not protecting the identities of individuals who suffered a pregnancy loss (Part JJ); extends the authorization for certain fees and charges related to emergency medical services (Part KK); relates to the modernization and revitalization of the Nassau health care corporation (Part LL); extends certain provisions relating to the NYS medical indemnity fund (Part MM).
  • Current status: Passed.
  • Review the official text before acting.
Senate

Yea 42 / Nay 20 — Passed

MA

MA H1770

Relative to aggressive panhandling on or adjacent to public ways

PunitiveIntroduced

Relative to prohibiting certain disorderly begging or panhandling and providing a penalty for violations. The Judiciary.

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Relative to aggressive panhandling on or adjacent to public ways
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.
MD

MD SB463

Municipalities - Vagrancy - Repeal of Authority to Prohibit

PunitiveIntroduced

Repealing the authority of a municipality to prohibit vagrancy.

Criminal / civil enforcement

Key points

  • Official title: Municipalities - Vagrancy - Repeal of Authority to Prohibit
  • Current status: Introduced.
  • Review the official text before acting.

Source: LegiScan. Generated 2026-08-30. Always verify official text before acting.